Abstract This Critical Synthesis Package contains: (1) a Critical Analysis of the psychometric properties and applications to health sciences education for the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). and (2) a copy of the FTND instrument and scoring key developed by Karl Fagerstrom. PhD. The FTND is a brief. https://parisnaturalfoodes.shop/product-category/chanca-piedra/